Projects completed during 2005- 2008

Electricity power theft monitoring System using RF and GSM mobile technologies

This is a project to monitor and control electricity power theft from individual users. A photosensor device attached to the digital energy meters installed at individual consumers premise sends meter reading periodically at set intervals to a nearby distribution tower of the energy provider. The reading is sent to the distribution point using RF modems. At the distribution point these individual readings are periodically summed up and compared against the total meter reading for a period. If the difference is greater than a set tolerence value, an alert is send to the energy providers monitoring centre with the periodical readings and the differnce. This readings can also used for billing. The system is designed and developed using PIC 16F877a micro-controllers at both end. The programming is done in Assembler using MicrochipMPLAB. The system has been successfully demonstrated to various agencies. A fully functional prototype is availble for manufaturing this device.

REMOTE WEATHER STATION
Remote weather station is used for sending weather data from a remote weather monitoring station to any PC located at another part of the world , connected through the internet.

With the help of this remote weather monitoring station, the master control station located at another geographical area can constantly receive the weather data. The remote weather system monitors temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure etc. and send data to the remote PC (at master control station ) at regular intervals , thus updating the data base in the PC. The weather station communicates to the PC through an RS 232C link. For sensing the temperature , humidity etc. respective sensors are used. The software in the computer regularly calls the remote weather system through the RS 232C port . The system sends the current readings of the sensor , thus updating the computer database. Data from the sensors are analyzed by the microcontroller and then send to the RS 232 port.

GSM BASED SMS CONTROLLER
This project is designed and developed to send any data ( analog or digital ) to another location using GSM mobile phone network. A micro-controller system with the software reads the data from various sensors and process it into numeric values or binary values and sends it using a GSM mobile phone connected to it. The data is received by another mobile phone at any part of the world.

GSM BASED WEATHER STATION
This project is designed and developed to send the data from a weather station through GSM mobile network. A micro-controller system with the software reads the data from various transducers and process it into numeric values and sends it using a GSM mobile phone connected to it. The data is received by another mobile phone at any part of the world.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF LIGHTING AND POWER
This project is designed and developed for controlling electrical power intelligently to reduce energy consumption. It also automates the on/off sequences of electrical lines based on pre-set start and end time. The system uses a micro-controller and software based real-time clock to set and control the power-lines used for lighting and motor controls of an industrial establishment.

GSM BASED AUTOMOBILE PROJECT
This project is designed and developed for using inside an automobile for sending SMS message to another mobile phone incase of a collission or accident. The micro-controller based system in the vehicle is provided with an interface that connects to a mobile phone. The software inside the micro-controller is programmed to send alert message to the stored mobile number automatically, in case of an accident or collission. The system will send a message with the vehicle number and the place of accident as an SMS message.

MOBILE SAFETY SYSTEM - GSM
This project is designed and developed for using inside an automobile for protecting the vehicle from theft. A PIR sensor is fitted inside the vehicle that detects intrusion entry into the vehcile by any means. A wheel movement sensor is fitted in one of the wheels that detects the wheel rotation for more than 360 degrees. A high volume alarm will be sounded in case of any of these signals. Also an SMS message will be sent to a mobile phone alerting the intrusion. The vehicles ingition will be disabled automatically and can not be re-started in any manner except by the owner by using an original key-chain RF remote control.

WIRELESS TRANSFORMER SWITCHING SYSTEM FOR KSEB
This project is designed and developed for KSEB to replace a wireless transformer switching system. The system uses a transmitter module and a receiver module with intelligent micro-controllers. The software take cares of the switching and feedback of three phases and maintains safety and accuracy.

Both the transmitter stage and the receiver stage uses an RF encoder/decoder transmitter and receiver module that processes digital switching of interlocked relays. The receiver sends back current through the switch using a current transformer and then feeding this analog value to the mico-controller ADC module. The value is transmitted as binary data and displlayed in the LCD display of the control transmitter system. The phase switching relays at the receiver system can be independantly switched on or off by the remote transmitter system from a safe and secure place.

RFID BASED TOLL GATE CONTROL SYSTEM
'RFID BASED TOLL GATE CONTROL SYSTEM' simplifies the access control of vehicles at toll gates or security gates. An RFID tag is installed on each vehicle with read/write memory. A reader device at the gate reads this data from the vehicle and compare it with the data in the computer database and allows the access accordingly by opening the gate. A time stamp and the entry count is also written into the rfid tag each time the vehicle passes through the gate. This data is used to print a daily or monthly bill for toll collection from the vehicles.

The entire sytem is developed as an embedded system using a PIC 16F877A micro-controller and associated devices. The system is connected to a PC using the RS232C interface in the embedded system. This allows the system to read and write data from/to a database that is used to compute tariffs and print toll bills.

MICRO-CONTROLLER BASED SUN TRACKING SYSTEM FOR A SOLAR PANEL
Sun tracking system is used to position the solar panel precisely facing sun, so that maximum sunlight falls into the solar panel. This enables the solar panel to produce maximum voltage at all time during the day. Following is the block diagram of the system. The software for the embedded system is developed using assembly language and is burned on a PIC 16f877A micro-controller. This micro-controller is placed on a fabricated PCB board which has the necessary interface for an LCD display , analog input and digital output driver. The digital output from portb,7 drives a stepper motor that steps as long as the output is high. The driving output goes low when the adc input gets maximum voltage and the stepper motor stops placing the solar panel correctly. When the input voltage drops again the stepper motor runs until the maximum voltage appears. This repeats periodically so that maximum voltage is produced from the solar panel.

INDUSTRIAL UPS MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM
This UPS monitoring system is mainly used inside mobile towers situated at remote places. We use GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) for the transfer of messages between towers and service person. In this, the embedded system continuously monitor the voltage of the battery of ups. If the primary battery voltage is less than the set voltage, the system automatically switched to the secondary battery and send an sms to service persons mobile phone using SMS messaging so that he can come and replace the damaged battery.

PIR based Vehicle Intrusion Detection system with GSM.
This system is used to detect intrusion into a vehicle and report the intrusion. The whole system is controlled by a micro controller. The GSM messaging technology (Global System for Mobile communication) is used to send SMS to the users mobile phone informing that the vehicle is intruded. The user can check whether the system is working correctly or not, by sending a test SMS. A PIR (Passive Infra Red) camera sensor is used to detect any kind of intrusion into the vehicle. When an intrusion is detected the system immediately sent an SMS to the user mobile. The hooter is sounded, a light is flashed and the car is immobilized by a relay, which cuts off the engine connection.

CLOSED LOOP SIMULATION OF Power factor correction IN A RECTIFIR
Power factor correction is an important requirement especially in industrial premises where lot of inductive loads like motors and pumps are used. The aim of this project 'DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF UNITY POWER FACTOR RECTIFIER' is to design , simulate and fabricate a unity power factor rectifier using the boost convertor method.

Hardware part
Circuit design: A circuit has to be designed using the rectifier, MOSFET and the operational amplifiers. 1. A PCB has to be designed and fabricated. 2. The circuit has to be fabricated using components and to be wired on a printed circuit board.

software part
1. The circuit is drawn in ORCAD capture software and simulated using the simulator. 2. Outputs are plotted on graph paper.

Patient temparture monitoring and ALERT system using PIR and GSM.
This system is used to monitor a critical patients body temperature through a temperature sensor and sends an sms message to a pre-stored mobile phone number with the temparature reading as an SMS message. The system also has a PIR sensor that detects any intrusion into the room and it sends an alert SMS to the mobile phone when an intrusion occurs. The whole system is controlled by a micro controller. The GSM messaging technology (Global System for Mobile communication) is used to send SMS to the target mobile phone.

REMOTE MOTOR MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM
This system is used to continuosly monitor the temparature and RPM of an industrial motor that is used for some critical process. When the temperature is increasedintrusion into a vehicle and report the intrusion. The whole system is controlled by a micro controller. The GSM messaging technology (Global System for Mobile communication) is used to send SMS to the users mobile phone informing that the vehicle is intruded. The user can check whether the system is working correctly or not, by sending a test SMS. A PIR (Passive Infra Red) camera sensor is used to detect any kind of intrusion into the vehicle. When an intrusion is detected the system immediately sent an SMS to the user mobile. The hooter is sounded, a light is flashed and the car is immobilized by a relay, which cuts off the engine connection.

Vehicle Accident Detection System using GSM
This system is used to detect any impact or accident occured to a vehicle during travel. The whole system is controlled by a micro controller. The GSM messaging technology (Global System for Mobile communication) is used to send SMS to the users mobile phone informing that the vehicle is met with an impact or accident. The user can check whether the system is working correctly or not, by sending a test SMS. A set of four special sensors are fitted on the four sides of the vehilce which sends a trgigger signal when the vehicle rceives an impact. When an impact occurs d the system immediately sent an SMS to the target mobile. A hooter is sounded and light is flashed in the car, that alerts the nearby people who can reach the vehicle for extending help immediately.

Electronic Ballast (Inverter) to Power HID Lamps from 12 Volts DC
Here is a circuit that can be used to power a variety of small (50 w or less) HID lamps, as well as (with modifications) fluorescent lamps up to about 40w, or HeNe lasers, flashes/strobes, and neon tubes, etc., from a 12 V car or marine battery or medium-size gel cell. This circuit does require a homemade transformer. This transformer is not hard to make, just a little tedious for hand winding. Because this circuit gives the lamp high frequency AC (except during starting), none of the limitations associated with DC-output supplies apply (i.e., not using certain types of HID's, which cannot tolerate DC operation).

RFID - tagging system for medical equipments

SMS- in SMS-out information retreival system

LIVE SMS voting system with PC interface

RFID based panic/alert system for hospital staff/patients